StensenDuktus

StensenDuktus, also known as Stensen's duct (ductus parotideus), is the excretory duct of the parotid gland, the largest salivary gland in humans. It carries serous saliva from the parotid gland into the oral cavity and plays a key role in lubrication and digestion.

Anatomy and course

The duct begins at the anterior border of the parotid gland and courses forward. It crosses the masseter muscle, traverses the cheek, and pierces the buccinator muscle to enter the oral cavity. It opens on the inner surface of the cheek at the parotid papilla, opposite the upper second molar. The typical length is about 5 cm, and it lies near the facial nerve within the gland’s vicinity, making careful consideration important during parotid surgery.

Function

Stensen's duct conducts saliva produced by the parotid gland into the mouth, usually in response to eating. The flow helps lubricate the oral mucosa and begins the chemical processing of starches.

Clinical significance

The duct is subject to obstruction by salivary stones (sialoliths), leading to episodic swelling and pain, especially during meals. Inflammation or infection of the parotid gland (parotitis) can involve drainage through the duct. Injury to the duct or its opening can occur during surgical procedures in the parotid region, underscoring the need for careful anatomical knowledge in otolaryngology and maxillofacial surgery. Rare congenital anomalies or fistulas involving the duct may also be encountered.