Stackbaseret

Stackbaseret, commonly translated as stack-based, refers to computing models, programming languages, and processor architectures that rely on a stack data structure to hold operands, intermediate values, and control information during execution. In a stack-based system, instructions primarily manipulate the top elements of the stack: values are pushed onto the stack and popped off for operations, with results typically pushed back. Because most operands are stored on the stack, languages often use postfix notation for expressions.

Typical stack-based environments include programming languages such as Forth, and domain languages like PostScript, as well as virtual machines such as the Java Virtual Machine and the Common Language Runtime, which execute code using an evaluation stack. In these systems, the program’s control flow and function calls are implemented with stack frames, return addresses, and stack-based call conventions.

Advantages of stack-based design include simple hardware-oriented or virtual-machine implementations and straightforward code generation for languages targeting a virtual machine. They can enable efficient parameter passing and concise instruction sets. However, they can suffer from cache inefficiency and poorer random data access compared with register-based designs, making certain tasks more cumbersome. Debugging and optimization can also be more challenging due to the implicit state of the stack.

Stack-based approaches remain relevant in printers (PostScript), embedded systems, and language runtimes, where a compact, portable execution model is advantageous. See also: Forth, PostScript, JVM, CLR, stack machine, reverse Polish notation.