Spintilojen

Spintilojen, or spin tiles, are modular, tile-like units conceived as building blocks for controlling and encoding electron spin in solid-state systems. They are proposed for use in spintronic architectures where information is carried by spin states rather than electric charge. Each spintila functions as a nanoscale magnetic element that stores a binary or multi-level spin state defined by magnetic anisotropy. When tiled on a substrate, arrays of spintilojen can support interactions between neighboring tiles, enabling collective operations and reconfigurable circuitry.

Construction involves thin-film deposition and lithographic patterning to produce stable magnetic layers with well-defined anisotropy and interfaces that support exchange or dipolar coupling. Readout is typically achieved through magnetoresistive effects, such as tunnel magnetoresistance, or via optical/spin-sensitive techniques in specialized substrates. State manipulation can be accomplished with spin-polarized currents, applied magnetic fields, or voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy, often exploiting spin-orbit torques.

Spintilojen promise high integration density, non-volatility, and compatibility with certain CMOS processes, offering low-energy operation for memory and logic. They face challenges including thermal fluctuations that can randomly flip spins, cross-talk between tiles in dense arrays, fabrication variability, and the need for scalable readout and interconnect schemes.

In research settings, spintilojen are studied for non-volatile memory, neuromorphic computing, and reconfigurable logic. While not widely deployed yet, they appear in theoretical proposals and early prototypes that illustrate modular spin-based computation. See also spintronics, magnetic tunnel junction, spin qubit, neuromorphic engineering.