Sparid

Sparid refers to a family of ray-finned fish known as Sparidae. This family is part of the order Perciformes and is characterized by their deep bodies, often laterally compressed, and a single dorsal fin. Sparids are found in tropical and temperate waters worldwide, primarily in marine environments, though some species inhabit brackish water. They are commonly found along coastlines, on reefs, and over sandy or muddy bottoms.

The diet of sparids varies depending on the species, but many are omnivorous, feeding on algae, small invertebrates, and small fish. Their teeth are often adapted for crushing or grinding, reflecting their varied diet. Many sparids are commercially important food fish, and some species are also popular in recreational fishing. Their flesh is generally considered to be of good quality.

Notable genera within the Sparidae family include Sparus, commonly known as sea breams, and Diplodus, which includes porgies. The appearance of sparids can differ significantly between species, with variations in color, finnage, and body shape. Reproduction in sparids is typically oviparous, with external fertilization. They are a diverse and widespread family, playing an important role in marine ecosystems and human fisheries.