Sosnowskys

Sosnowsky's hogweed, scientifically known as Heracleum sosnowskyi, is a tall perennial herb in the Apiaceae family native to the Caucasus region of Eurasia. The plant can reach several meters in height and is recognized by its large, deeply divided leaves, thick hollow stems often with purple blotches, and flat-topped clusters of white flowers that bloom in midsummer. It propagates mainly by seeds, which can remain viable for multiple years and enable rapid spread into disturbed habitats such as roadsides, fields, and riverbanks.

Native to the Caucasus, Sosnowsky's hogweed has become highly invasive in many parts of Eastern Europe and Asia after being introduced for ornamental or forage purposes. It forms dense stands that displace native vegetation, reduces agricultural productivity, and complicates land management. Its ability to colonize disturbed sites and its long-lived seeds contribute to its persistence in invaded regions.

The plant contains phototoxic compounds called furanocoumarins in its sap. Contact with the sap followed by exposure to sunlight can cause severe dermatitis and blistering, a risk that underscores the need for protective handling and careful disposal of plant material during control efforts. People and livestock can be affected, particularly if sap is transferred to skin or when plants are crushed or torn.

Management and regulation emphasize early detection and rapid response. Control methods include mowing before flowering, careful mechanical removal, and the use of systemic herbicides such as glyphosate, with appropriate protective equipment to prevent dermal exposure. Disposal of plant material must prevent seed spread. In many countries, Sosnowsky's hogweed is subject to quarantine or eradication programs to limit ecological and agricultural damage.