Soolajärkudel

Soolajärkudel, also known as *Solanum nigrum* L., is a widely distributed annual herbaceous plant belonging to the nightshade family (Solanaceae). It is native to Eurasia but has since spread to various parts of the world, including North and South America, Africa, and Australia. The plant is commonly found in disturbed soils, waste areas, and agricultural fields, thriving in sunny, moist environments.

Soolajärkudel is characterized by its small, dark green leaves and clusters of tiny, greenish-white flowers that later develop into small, glossy black berries. The berries are toxic when raw due to the presence of solanine and other glycoalkaloids, which can cause gastrointestinal distress if ingested. However, the plant has been used historically in traditional medicine for its mild diuretic and anti-inflammatory properties, though modern scientific validation is limited.

In Estonian folklore and herbalism, soolajärkudel has been employed as a remedy for skin conditions and as a poultice for wounds, though caution is advised due to its potential toxicity. The plant’s young shoots and leaves may be cooked and consumed in small quantities in some cultures, as prolonged exposure to heat can reduce the concentration of harmful compounds. However, consumption should be approached with extreme care, as improper preparation can lead to poisoning.

Ecologically, soolajärkudel serves as a food source for various insects and birds, contributing to local biodiversity. Its rapid growth and adaptability make it an opportunistic species, often outcompeting native vegetation in disturbed habitats. While not considered a major agricultural pest, its presence can indicate soil disturbance or poor land management practices.