Smärtplan

Smärtplan is a structured plan in healthcare that coordinates assessment, treatment and follow-up for pain. It aims to guide clinicians and patients in managing acute or chronic pain by defining goals, treatment strategies, responsibilities and monitoring. The plan is usually developed collaboratively and revised as pain and function change.

Common components include a pain history and current level using standard scales; diagnostic or treatment goals; a pharmacological plan (medications, dosing, safety); non-pharmacological interventions (physical therapy, exercise, psychology-based therapies); a rehabilitation or activity plan; safety information and red flags; a monitoring schedule with planned follow-ups and outcome measures; and an escalation procedure if pain worsens or side effects occur.

Applications include primary care, hospital departments, palliative care and chronic pain management. It is used for conditions such as back pain, osteoarthritis, neuropathic pain, headaches and post-surgical pain. The plan supports shared decision making and self-management, with regular reviews to reflect changes in pain, function and preferences. The plan is documented in the patient record to coordinate care among doctors, nurses and therapists.

Challenges include ensuring clear communication, health literacy, and access to multidisciplinary resources. Effective smärtplaning requires realistic goals, cultural sensitivity, and attention to risks such as medication adverse effects and misuse. Ongoing patient feedback and outcome measurement help improve the plan.