Skrivspråk

Skrivspråk is a term used in some Nordic linguistic discussions to refer to the written form of a language—the conventions of spelling, punctuation, vocabulary, and syntax that appear in written texts. In many cases the preferred term in Swedish is skriftspråk, commonly translated as the written language or literary language. The form described by skrivspråk is typically standardized and codified, though it can vary by country, genre, and historical period.

It is distinct from talspråk, the spoken language, though they influence each other. The written form often reflects normative standards established by language planning bodies, dictionaries, and style guides. Writers may adopt more formal registers in formal writing, while informal communication can lean toward spoken norms or specialized genres.

Standardization and orthography: The development of skriftspråk involves spelling conventions, punctuation, and syntax norms. Reforms may modify spelling for simplification or to align with pronunciation; loanwords are incorporated into the orthography according to established rules. The written language also governs typography, capitalization, and text layout in official and educational contexts.

History and usage: Written language emerged with literacy, administrative needs, and printing, gradually forming standardized norms. In modern times, digital communication has influenced spelling, punctuation, and the creation of new genres and registers, including informal online writing and hybrid styles that blend spoken and written norms.

See also: skriftspråk; talspråk; language planning; orthography.