Skorstein

Skorstein, in English commonly called a chimney, is a vertical structure in a building that vents combustion gases from fireplaces, stoves, boilers, or furnaces to the outdoors. Its primary function is to provide a safe path for hot gases and smoke, prevent backdrafts, and protect interior spaces from heat and moisture. A skorstein typically comprises a flue within a chimney stack, a flue liner, a smoke chamber and throat, a damper for controlling draft, a cleanout, and a cap or crown at the top to keep rain and debris out.

There are two main types of skorsten: masonry skorsten and prefabricated or metal skorsten. Masonry skorsten are built from brick or stone and are usually lined with clay flue tiles or a metal liner. Prefabricated skorsten consist of factory-made metal pipes that can be installed more quickly and are common in renovations or modern heating installations. Regardless of type, the flue cross-section, materials, and connections are designed to maintain adequate draft and safe conveyance of combustion products.

Operation and design considerations: Draft is driven by buoyancy, so hot gases rise and draw in fresh air at the fire while expelling combustion products. Draft is influenced by chimney height, flue size and shape, gas temperature, exterior wind, and any leaks or obstructions. A properly designed skorstein also includes rain protection, a functional damper, and access for cleaning.

Maintenance and safety: Regular inspection and cleaning are essential to remove creosote and soot, check for cracks or moisture intrusion, and verify the integrity of joints, cap, and crown. Blockages or deteriorating structures can cause smoke discomfort, poor appliance performance, or chimney fires. Local building codes and guidelines typically require professional installation and periodic inspections by a qualified contractor or chimney sweep.