Sklerotisch

Sklerotisch refers to a condition characterized by the hardening or thickening of connective tissue, typically due to the accumulation of collagen fibers. This process is often associated with aging, chronic inflammation, or certain pathological states. The term originates from the Greek word *sklērós*, meaning "hard," and is commonly used in medical and biological contexts to describe tissue changes.

In dermatology, sklerotische changes are visible as areas of hardened skin, often seen in conditions like systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). This autoimmune disorder causes excessive collagen deposition, leading to skin thickening and organ damage. Sklerotische plaques may also appear in localized forms, such as morphea, where skin becomes tight and shiny due to fibrosis.

Beyond skin, sklerotische processes occur in blood vessels, contributing to atherosclerosis, where arterial walls harden from plaque buildup. In joints, osteoarthritis can lead to sklerotische changes in cartilage and bone, reducing mobility. The process is not always pathological; some degree of fibrosis is normal in wound healing, where collagen strengthens repaired tissue.

Diagnosis often involves imaging (e.g., MRI, ultrasound) or biopsy to assess tissue composition. Treatment focuses on managing underlying causes, such as inflammation or autoimmune activity, though severe cases may require surgical intervention. Prevention involves maintaining vascular health, avoiding chronic injury, and managing systemic conditions like diabetes.

While sklerotische changes are irreversible in advanced stages, early intervention can slow progression and mitigate symptoms. Research continues into molecular pathways involved in fibrosis, aiming for targeted therapies to reduce tissue hardening.