Sinusknutssjukdom

Sinusknutssjukdom, also known as sinus node disease or sick sinus syndrome, is a cardiac condition characterized by abnormal functioning of the sinus node, the heart’s natural pacemaker located in the right atrium. The sinus node is responsible for initiating electrical impulses that regulate the heart’s rhythm. When this pacemaker malfunctions, it can lead to irregular heartbeats, including bradycardia (slow heart rate), tachycardia (fast heart rate), or alternating episodes of both.

The condition can occur due to various factors, including age-related degeneration of the sinus node, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, or other structural heart damages. It can also be associated with certain medications, such as beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers, which affect heart rhythm.

Symptoms of sinusknutssjukdom may be subtle or absent in some cases but can include dizziness, fatigue, fainting (syncope), palpitations, or shortness of breath, especially during exertion. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring, including Holter monitors or tilt-table tests, which record heart activity over time to detect rhythm abnormalities.

Management depends on the severity and symptoms. Mild cases might require no treatment, while symptomatic cases often benefit from the implantation of a pacemaker to regulate heart rhythm. In some instances, addressing underlying causes or adjusting medications may improve symptoms.

Sinusknutssjukdom is a common arrhythmia among older adults and can significantly impact quality of life if untreated. Early detection and appropriate management are crucial to prevent complications such as heart failure or stroke.