Sinti

The Sinti are a Romani ethnic group primarily found in Central Europe, especially Germany and neighboring countries. They form one of the major Romani subgroups and are often discussed together with Roma under the broader Romani umbrella. The term Sinti is used in several European languages to designate Romani communities living in Central Europe. They typically speak Sinti-Romani, a Romani dialect, and are commonly bilingual, using the national language of their country as well.

Origins and settlement: Like other Romani groups, the Sinti trace ancestry to migrations from the Indian subcontinent. By the late medieval period they formed distinct communities in Central Europe, developing unique dialects and cultural practices. Many Sinti historically pursued nomadic or semi-nomadic livelihoods, while others settled in towns and rural areas.

Culture and social structure: Sinti communities emphasize kinship networks, mutual aid, and traditional customs. Music has long been a hallmark of Romani culture, and Sinti musicians have contributed to regional and international styles. Crafts, trades, and street vending have historically featured in Sinti economies; in modern times education and integration into national societies vary widely.

Persecution and history: During the Nazi era, Sinti were targeted as part of the Porajmos, the Romani genocide. Tens of thousands were killed, and many more were displaced or subjected to forced sterilization and other abuses. After World War II, acknowledgment and restitution varied by country.

Contemporary status: Today many Sinti are settled in urban and rural communities across Europe. They continue to maintain language and culture while facing discrimination and social marginalization in some areas. Several countries recognize Sinti and Roma as national minorities and support anti-discrimination efforts.