Silmaeksamid

Silmaeksamid, or eye examinations, are a set of tests used to assess vision and overall eye health. They are typically performed by optometrists or ophthalmologists, with assistance from ophthalmic technicians in some settings. The goal is to detect refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, identify eye diseases (glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration), and monitor chronic conditions that affect the eyes.

A typical eye examination includes visual acuity testing, refraction to determine corrective lenses, a slit lamp examination of the eyelids and cornea, and an assessment of the interior of the eye, sometimes after pupil dilation. Additional tests may measure intraocular pressure, evaluate the optic nerve, test color vision and binocular or accommodation functions, and, in some cases, involve imaging or functional tests such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) or visual field testing.

When to have silmaeksamid depends on age, risk factors, and health systems. Children often have regular checks; adults without risk are commonly advised to have an examination every two years, with more frequent visits for those with diabetes, hypertension, a family history of eye disease, older age, or contact lens wearers.

Results can lead to the prescription of glasses or contact lenses, referral for treatment of eye disease, or recommendations for follow-up monitoring.

Safety and access: Eye examinations are generally safe; dilation may cause temporary light sensitivity and blurred vision. Availability and cost vary by country and health coverage.