Shotblocking

Shotblocking is a defensive action in basketball in which a defender prevents a field goal by touching the ball on its trajectory toward the basket. Effective shotblockers use timing, reach, and vertical leap to meet the ball near or above the rim, often swatting it away or redirecting it to prevent the shot from scoring.

Technique involves square positioning to the shooter, verticality (keeping the body between the shooter and the basket), and precise timing to avoid fouling. Clean blocks occur when the defender makes contact with the ball without illegal contact; mistimed blocks can result in fouls or free throws for the offense.

Rules govern shotblocking in most leagues. If a defender touches the ball on its downward flight toward the basket or above the rim, it is generally ruled goaltending or basket interference, and the shot is counted for the offense. Legitimate blocks are counted as a defensive statistic labeled blocks (BLK).

Impact and limitations: Shotblocking can deter opponents and alter shot selection, contributing to a team's interior defense. However, reliance on shot-blocking can expose players to fouls, foul trouble, or lane vulnerabilities, so it is usually balanced with other defensive techniques such as help defense and rim protection.

Notable shot blockers have included centers and forwards with length and timing, and the ability to protect the rim is often a hallmark of elite defenses in professional and collegiate play.