Sheriyatda

Sheriyatda refers to the application and study of Sharia, the Islamic law derived from the Qur’an, the Hadith, ijma (consensus), and qiyas (analogical reasoning). It covers a wide range of legal, moral, and social issues, including worship, contracts, marriage, inheritance, and criminal justice. The concept has evolved through centuries of juristic interpretation and has been adapted to various cultural contexts.

Originating in 7th‑century Arabia, early jurists such as Abu Hanifa, Malik ibn Anas, Shafi‘i, and Ahmad ibn Hanbal established the four main Sunni schools of law (madhhab). Each school developed its methodology for deriving rulings, while Shia scholars formulated complementary traditions. The term “sheriyatda” is commonly used in Turkish to describe legal rulings considered to be “under Sharia” or “subject to Sharia law.”

In contemporary states, the extent of Sharia’s implementation varies. Some countries, such as Saudi Arabia and Iran, base their entire legal system on Sharia principles, whereas others, like Indonesia and Malaysia, allow Sharia courts to handle personal‑status cases for Muslims while maintaining a secular civil code for other matters. In many Western jurisdictions, Sharia principles are respected insofar as they do not conflict with national law, often influencing family‑law adjudication and charitable practices.

The integration of Sharia into national legal frameworks has prompted discussions about religious freedom, gender rights, and human‑rights obligations. Critics argue that rigid interpretations can infringe upon individual liberties, while proponents claim that Sharia provides a comprehensive moral guidance anchored in religious tradition. The balance between tradition and modernity continues to shape policy debates worldwide.