Saudi

Saudi is a demonym used for people and things related to Saudi Arabia. It also denotes the members of the House of Saud, the ruling royal family that has governed the country for generations. The term is widely used in reference to nationality, culture, and state institutions.

Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, is a country in Western Asia on the Arabian Peninsula. It borders Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen, with coastlines along the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. The capital and largest city is Riyadh; Jeddah is a major commercial hub on the Red Sea. The official language is Arabic and the currency is the Saudi riyal. The population is about 35 million, and the territory covers roughly 2.15 million square kilometers, making it the largest country in the Middle East and one of the largest in Asia by area.

Since the 18th century, the House of Saud has shaped the country's political leadership. The modern state was formed in 1932 when Abdulaziz Ibn Saud unified the regions on the peninsula. The monarchy remains the central institution of government, with the king serving as head of state and, in many cases, prime minister, alongside a system of royal decrees and advisory bodies.

Saudi Arabia holds substantial oil reserves and is a leading global oil producer and exporter. The economy has been expanding to diversify beyond oil under development plans such as Vision 2030, promoting non-oil sectors, tourism, renewable energy, and urban development. The country is a member of the Gulf Cooperation Council and OPEC and plays a significant role in regional and international energy and political affairs.