Jeddah

Jeddah is a major city in western Saudi Arabia, located on the eastern shore of the Red Sea. It is the largest city in the western region and serves as a key commercial, cultural, and transportation hub. Jeddah acts as the main gateway for pilgrims traveling to Mecca and functions as a major port city supporting international trade and maritime activity.

Geographically, Jeddah sits along the Red Sea coast and faces Africa across the sea. The climate is hot desert, with very warm summers, mild winters, and high humidity influenced by the sea. Rainfall is scarce, though the city experiences seasonal weather patterns and occasional storms.

Historically, Jeddah developed as a port and trading center several centuries ago. It became widely known as the gateway to Mecca for pilgrims and grew into a large urban and commercial center in modern times. In the 20th century it became part of the Saudi state and has since expanded rapidly. The historic district of Al-Balad preserves traditional coral architecture and remains a cultural landmark.

Culturally, Al-Balad is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (inscribed in 2014) and is complemented by the seaside Corniche, where public art and promenades line the Red Sea. The city also features sights such as King Fahd’s Fountain, one of the tallest fountains in the world, and a growing arts and restaurant scene that reflects its cosmopolitan character.

Economically, the Port of Jeddah is a major Red Sea hub supporting regional trade, while King Abdulaziz International Airport serves international and religious travel, including Hajj traffic. Development projects have continued to expand tourism, housing, and infrastructure, with planned but paused projects such as the Jeddah Tower.