Servoelektrisk

Servoelektrisk refers to phenomena where mechanical stress or strain applied to certain materials produces an electric polarization, or conversely, where the application of an electric field causes mechanical deformation. This effect is the basis of piezoelectricity. Materials exhibiting this property are known as piezoelectric materials. When these materials are subjected to mechanical pressure, their internal charge distribution is altered, leading to the generation of a voltage across the material. Conversely, when an electric field is applied, the material's crystal lattice deforms, resulting in a change in its physical dimensions. The term "servoelektrisk" is often used interchangeably with piezoelectricity, particularly in some European languages. These materials find widespread applications in sensors, actuators, transducers, and frequency control devices. For example, in a microphone, sound waves cause vibrations that stress a piezoelectric crystal, generating an electrical signal. In a speaker or buzzer, an electrical signal causes a piezoelectric element to vibrate, producing sound. The magnitude of the generated voltage or the extent of deformation is proportional to the applied stress or electric field, respectively. This linear relationship makes piezoelectric materials highly useful for precise control and measurement.