Sequin

Sequins are small, shiny, flat discs or shapes, typically with a hole near the top for threading. They are used to embellish fabrics, costumes, and decorative items by reflecting light to create a sparkling effect.

Historically, sequins were metal discs sewn onto garments; today they are made in metal, glass, or plastic, often with a metallic foil or iridescent coating. The most common form is a flat, circular disc, but sequins also come in shapes such as stars, teardrops, or crystals called paillettes, which are larger and usually sew-on along the edge rather than by a central hole. Some sequins are faceted or double-sided to show color on both sides.

Manufacture involves cutting or molding a base shape, finishing the surface, and applying a reflective coating. Metal sequins may be electroplated; plastic ones are produced by injection molding and coated with a metallic film or foil. Each sequin has one or two holes for sewing, or is attached with an adhesive backing for crafts. They are typically sewn in place with a single thread, often stitched around the hole or through a central hole, sometimes with multiple stitches for security.

Origin of the term: the word sequin derives from the French séquin, which itself comes from the Ottoman Turkish sikk, meaning coin; the name reflects the coin-like appearance of early discs used to decorate clothing. Sequins gained widespread use in fashion and stage costumes in the 19th and 20th centuries as synthetic finishes became common.

Uses and care: Sequins are commonly used on party dresses, dance costumes, accessories, and home decor. They can snag or loosen with washing, so gentle handling or hand washing is advised; damaged sequins can be replaced or removed.