coin

A coin is a small, flat, round piece of metal or other hard material, used as a medium of exchange or legal tender. Coins are typically minted by governments and bear an image, inscription, or other design that identifies its issuer and often its value. The two sides of a coin are called the obverse (front) and the reverse (back).

The history of coins dates back to ancient times, with the first known coins appearing around the 7th century BCE in Lydia (now Turkey). Initially made of electrum, an alloy of gold and silver, coins later evolved to include other metals like silver, copper, and bronze. Throughout history, coins have been used for trade, often replacing barter systems for their convenience and durability.

Coins are generally made from metals such as copper, nickel, silver, or gold, and their design often includes symbols, portraits, or other motifs relevant to the issuing authority. The size, weight, and composition of coins are standardized to facilitate trade and prevent counterfeiting.

Today, coins are used in various denominations and serve multiple purposes. They can be used for everyday transactions, collected as hobbies, or valued for their metal content. Specialty coins, like commemorative or bullion coins, are also popular among enthusiasts and investors.