Septumsérülés

Septumsérülés, also known as nasal septal injury, refers to damage or perforation of the nasal septum, the cartilage and bone structure that separates the two nostrils. This type of injury can result from trauma, surgical complications, or repeated nasal procedures. Causes include physical impacts (such as accidents or blows to the nose), vigorous nose-picking, nasal infections, or iatrogenic factors related to medical interventions.

Symptoms of septum injury may include nasal congestion, difficulty breathing through one or both nostrils, nasal bleeding, crusting, pain, and a visible or palpable perforation in the septal tissue. In some cases, a septal perforation can lead to whistling sounds during breathing, dryness, or saddle nose deformity if structural integrity is compromised.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination of the nasal cavity, often using nasal endoscopy for detailed visualization of the septum. Imaging studies, such as X-rays or CT scans, may be used to assess the extent of the damage or underlying structural issues.

Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the injury. Minor perforations or asymptomatic cases might be managed with conservative approaches, including moistening agents or medicinal sprays. Larger or symptomatic perforations may require surgical repair, such as septoplasty or septal perforation closure procedures. Prevention strategies include avoiding nasal trauma and minimizing aggressive nasal procedures.

Prognosis varies based on the injury's extent and treatment success. Although septal perforations can sometimes be corrected surgically, some cases may require ongoing management to alleviate symptoms and prevent further complications. Early diagnosis and appropriate intervention are essential for optimal outcomes.