Semiconductoreissa
Semiconductoreissa, or semiconductors in Finnish, refers to materials that have electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. This property makes them essential components in modern electronic devices. Silicon is the most common semiconductor material, but others like germanium, gallium arsenide, and various compounds are also used. The conductivity of semiconductors can be significantly altered by introducing impurities through a process called doping. Doping with elements that have more valence electrons (n-type doping) or fewer valence electrons (p-type doping) creates a surplus of either free electrons or holes, respectively, which are the charge carriers.
The behavior of semiconductors at the atomic level is crucial to their function. In pure semiconductors, the