Segavõitluskunstid

Segavõitluskunstid, often abbreviated as MMA, is a full-contact combat sport that allows a wide array of fighting techniques, including striking and grappling, from a variety of other combat sports and martial arts. It is practiced both professionally and amateurishly. The sport's rules allow for striking techniques such as punches, kicks, elbows, and knees, as well as grappling techniques such as takedowns, throws, joint locks, and chokeholds.

The origins of modern MMA can be traced back to Vale Tudo (Portuguese for "anything goes") competitions held in Brazil starting in the early 20th century. These events evolved into a more regulated sport with the establishment of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) in 1993. The UFC, along with other organizations like Bellator MMA and ONE Championship, are now prominent promoters of professional MMA.

MMA competitions typically take place in a ring or an octagon and consist of timed rounds. Fights can end by knockout, technical knockout, submission, or decision if the fight goes the full duration. Referees oversee the bouts to ensure fighter safety and enforce rules, which vary slightly between different organizations but generally prohibit certain dangerous techniques and excessive brutality. The sport demands a high level of physical conditioning, strategic thinking, and a broad skill set encompassing various combat disciplines.