Seentehaigused

Seentehaigused refers to illnesses caused by pathogenic fungi. These infections, also known as mycoses, can affect various parts of the body, from the skin and nails to internal organs. Fungal infections are diverse, ranging from superficial conditions like athlete's foot and ringworm to more serious systemic infections that can be life-threatening, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.

Superficial fungal infections typically affect the outermost layers of the skin, hair, and nails. Common examples include dermatophytosis (ringworm), candidiasis (yeast infections), and pityriasis versicolor. These are often treated with topical antifungal medications.

Invasive or systemic fungal infections occur when fungi penetrate deeper into the body, entering the bloodstream or affecting internal organs. Examples include aspergillosis, candidemia, and cryptococcosis. These are more serious and usually require antifungal medications administered intravenously. Risk factors for developing severe fungal infections include compromised immunity due to conditions like HIV/AIDS, cancer chemotherapy, organ transplantation, or prolonged use of corticosteroids.

Diagnosis of seentehaigused usually involves laboratory tests, such as microscopic examination of samples, fungal cultures, or serological tests. Treatment strategies are tailored to the specific type of fungus, the location and severity of the infection, and the patient's overall health. Antifungal drugs are the primary treatment, with various classes available depending on the fungal species and the infection site. Prevention measures can include good hygiene practices, particularly in damp environments, and prompt treatment of superficial infections to prevent them from becoming systemic.