Sawscaled

The saw-scaled viper, scientifically known as Echis carinatus, is a small to medium-sized venomous snake in the family Viperidae. It is one of several species commonly referred to as carpet vipers and is named for the saw-like, serrated appearance of its dorsal scales, which can produce a rasping sound when the animal rubs its body against the ground as a warning.

Description and range: Saw-scaled vipers typically measure about 40 to 70 cm in length, though individuals near 90 cm have been reported. They have a stout body, rough keeled scales, and a color pattern that ranges from brown to gray with dark crossbands or blotches, helping them blend into rocky and sandy environments. The scales along the sides give the impression of a saw when the snake moves rapidly.

Habitat and distribution: This species occupies arid and semi-arid regions across a broad range that includes Africa, the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, and parts of Southeast Asia. They favor dry, open habitats such as savannas, scrublands, rocky outcrops, and sometimes cultivated areas or burrows dug by other animals.

Diet and behavior: Saw-scaled vipers are generally nocturnal or crepuscular and hunt small vertebrates and invertebrates, especially rodents. They can be defensive and are capable of striking with precision when threatened. Their venom is potent and primarily causes rapid disruption of blood clotting, leading to bleeding and tissue damage.

Reproduction and venom: Echis carinatus is viviparous, giving birth to live young in litters of several individuals. The venom is a major medical concern in its range, and bites require prompt antivenom treatment and supportive care.