Sardinha

Sardinha refers to several species of small, oily forage fish belonging to the family Clupeidae. The most common species known as sardinha is Sardina pilchardus, the European pilchard. These fish are typically found in temperate and tropical waters, schooling in large numbers. They are an important part of the marine food web, serving as prey for larger fish, marine mammals, and seabirds.

Sardinhas are silvery in color and characterized by a single dorsal fin. They have a streamlined body and are known for their rapid growth and schooling behavior. Their diet consists mainly of plankton, which they filter from the water. They play a crucial role in nutrient cycling within marine ecosystems.

Economically, sardines are a significant fish. They are widely consumed by humans and are a popular food source in many coastal regions, particularly in the Mediterranean, Portugal, and along the Atlantic coast. They are often canned, grilled, fried, or smoked. Due to their oily nature, they are a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and protein. However, their populations can be subject to fluctuations due to environmental factors and fishing pressure, leading to management efforts to ensure sustainability.