Samajwadi

Samajwadi is a term used to describe a political ideology and set of movements that advocate socialism within the Indian political context. The word combines samaj (society) and vadi (advocate or adherent) and is used to denote support for social justice, welfare, democratic participation, and policies aimed at reducing economic and social inequality. In Indian political discourse, samajwadi ideas are often linked to democratic socialism and social-democratic approaches that emphasize the role of the state in welfare and redistribution, while respecting constitutional pluralism.

The term is most closely associated with the Samajwadi Party (SP), a regional political party in India founded in 1992 by Mulayam Singh Yadav. The SP positions itself as a socialist and secular force that seeks to represent farmers, workers, and other lower- and middle-income groups, primarily in Uttar Pradesh but with presence in national politics as well. Under leaders such as Mulayam Singh Yadav and later his son Akhilesh Yadav, the party has played a significant role in Uttar Pradesh politics, forming governments at the state level and participating in various national alliances and elections.

Beyond the party, samajwadi politics encompasses broader strands of Indian social reform and political organization that adapt socialist principles to local conditions, including emphasis on social justice, caste considerations, and welfare-oriented programs. Criticism of samajwadi movements often points to dynastic leadership and populist welfare schemes, while supporters view these elements as practical responses to regional needs and political realities.