Sacroiliacaleden

Sacroiliacaleden is not a term commonly found in medical reference works. It may be a misspelling or a language-specific form referring to the sacroiliac region or joints. In medical contexts, the sacroiliac joints connect the sacrum at the base of the spine to the ilium of the pelvis and play a key role in load transfer between the spine and lower limbs.

Anatomy and function. There are two sacroiliac joints, each reinforced by the anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments, the iliolumbar ligament, and the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments. The joints are irregularly shaped, with limited but essential gliding and rotatory movements that accommodate locomotion and childbirth. Stability is provided by strong connective tissues and surrounding muscles, such as the piriformis, gluteal, and deep core muscles.

Clinical significance. Common conditions include sacroiliitis (inflammation of the joints), sacroiliac joint dysfunction (mechanical pain from abnormal motion), and involvement in axial spondyloarthritis. Degenerative changes, trauma, pregnancy, and inflammatory diseases can affect SI joints. Symptoms typically include low back and buttock pain, sometimes radiating to the thigh.

Diagnosis and treatment. Diagnosis relies on clinical examination, imaging (X-ray, CT, MRI), and sometimes diagnostic injections to confirm joint pain. Treatments include physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, corticosteroid injections, and, in refractory cases, radiofrequency ablation or SI joint fusion. Most cases improve with conservative management; surgery is uncommon and reserved for persistent, clearly localized disease.