SSI

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a United States federal program that provides cash assistance to individuals who are aged 65 or older, blind, or disabled and who have limited income and resources. It is funded by general tax revenues and administered by the Social Security Administration, separate from Social Security retirement or disability benefits. The program is designed to help meet basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter and can also provide access to other supports, such as Medicaid in most states.

Eligibility criteria center on three main factors: category of need (age, blindness, or disability), limited income, and limited resources. Applicants must be a U.S. citizen or certain qualified noncitizens and must reside in the United States (with some exceptions for certain territories). Disability determinations follow SSA standards, and medical evidence is often required for those applying on disability grounds. There are limits on countable resources, with various exemptions (such as the primary residence, certain vehicles, and essential personal items).

SSI provides a monthly cash payment; the amount depends on the federal benefit rate, living arrangements, and other income. In most cases, recipients qualify for Medicaid, and many states provide additional supplemental payments. Recipients may also participate in other federal or state programs. Applicants undergo an application process that includes income and resource verification, disability assessment when relevant, and potential reconsideration or appeals if benefits are denied or reduced.