SPM8

SPM8 is the eighth version of Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM), a MATLAB-based software package for the analysis of brain imaging data, including fMRI, PET, and SPECT. Developed by the Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging at University College London and collaborators, SPM8 provides a flexible framework for preprocessing, statistical modeling, and inference in neuroimaging studies.

Key features include an integrated preprocessing pipeline (realignment, co-registration, normalization and resampling, slice timing, smoothing), improved segmentation with updated tissue probability maps, and the incorporation of DARTEL for high-dimensional, diffeomorphic normalization. The release also enhanced batch processing via a graphical batch editor, expanded visualization, and cross-modality support for MRI and nuclear imaging data.

Statistical analysis in SPM8 follows the general linear model, with first-level (within-subject) and second-level (group) analyses, contrasts, and inference to generate statistical parametric maps. Inference relies on random field theory to control for multiple comparisons, with options for familywise error rate and false discovery rate corrections. Outputs include statistical maps, thresholded images, and reports suitable for reporting results in neuroimaging studies. SPM8 was later superseded by subsequent releases such as SPM12 but remains cited as a foundational tool in the field.