SIPOCdiagram

A SIPOC diagram is a high-level process mapping tool used in quality management and process improvement, notably within Six Sigma. It succinctly documents five elements—Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs, and Customers—to define a process scope, clarify responsibilities, and align stakeholders. The diagram helps teams understand how a process begins, what it needs, what it delivers, and who is affected, serving as a foundation for further analysis such as DMAIC.

The five components are:

- Suppliers: entities that provide inputs to the process.

- Inputs: materials, information, or resources required to execute the process.

- Process: the sequence of high-level steps that transform inputs into outputs.

- Outputs: products, services, or information produced by the process.

- Customers: recipients of the outputs, internal or external.

To create a SIPOC, teams typically: define the process scope and boundaries, list 4–7 high-level steps, identify key inputs and their sources, specify expected outputs, and name the customers who receive those outputs. The diagram is reviewed with stakeholders to ensure accuracy and completeness.

When to use it: at project initiation, during process design or improvement efforts, or when communicating a process to cross-functional teams. Benefits include clearer scope, better alignment, and a baseline for measurement. Tips: keep it high level, involve across-functional participants, limit steps to a manageable number, and use the SIPOC as a reference point for more detailed mapping.

Example: in online order fulfillment, Suppliers might include packaging and warehouse providers; Inputs include order data and inventory; Process covers pick, pack, and ship; Outputs are the delivered package and tracking information; Customers include the end customer and finance for invoicing.