Rusticola

Rusticola is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Tricholomataceae. The species within this genus are typically small to medium-sized mushrooms with a fleshy texture. They are often found growing in woodland environments, particularly in association with coniferous trees.

The cap of rusticola species can vary in color, often exhibiting shades of brown, ochre, or reddish-brown, which is thought to be the origin of the genus name, referencing rust-like colors. The shape of the cap is usually convex when young, flattening out with age, and may develop a slightly umbonate center. The gills are typically adnate or decurrent, meaning they are attached to the stem or run down it. The color of the gills can range from white to cream or yellowish.

The stem of rusticola mushrooms is usually cylindrical and can be fibrous. It may be the same color as the cap or lighter. Some species may have a slightly pruinose or fibrillose surface on the stem. The spore print color is generally white.

Species within rusticola are often saprotrophic, meaning they obtain nutrients from decaying organic matter. Their ecological role contributes to the decomposition process in forest ecosystems. Identification of specific rusticola species can be challenging and often requires microscopic examination of spores and other features, alongside macroscopic characteristics.