Rowans

Rowans, commonly Sorbus aucuparia, are deciduous trees in the rose family (Rosaceae) also known as mountain ash. They are native to Europe and parts of Asia and have been widely planted for ornamental value and wildlife support. The name rowan is often used for the species as well as for several related Sorbus trees.

Rowans typically reach 6–15 meters in height and develop an open, broad crown. The leaves are pinnate, about 15–30 centimeters long, with 9–15 glossy leaflets that are 2–6 centimeters long and serrated. In late spring, rowans bear clusters of small white flowers, followed by dense panicles of round berries in autumn. The berries are usually orange-red to bright red when ripe and can persist into winter on some trees.

Ecology and cultivation: Rowans prefer well-drained soils and can grow in sun to partial shade, though they are hardy and tolerate a range of climates. They are commonly used in parks and along streets for their ornamental fruit, foliage, and relatively rapid growth. Many cultivars exist, including columnar forms and selections with varied berry coloration.

Uses and toxicity: The berries are a traditional food for birds and can be eaten by humans when fully ripe, though raw berries may cause stomach upset due to parasorbic acid. Cooking or freezing destroys this toxin, making berries suitable for jams, jellies, syrups, or liqueurs. The wood is pale and reasonably hard, historically used for small carpentry tasks and crafts. Rowans also provide nectar for pollinators in spring.

Pests, diseases, and folklore: Rowans can be susceptible to diseases such as fire blight and leaf spot. In folklore, rowan trees are often regarded as protective against witches and enchantments, and they hold symbolic associations with resilience in various cultures.