Robes

A robe is a loose-fitting outer garment worn for comfort, modesty, or ceremonial purposes. Robes are typically worn indoors or as a bathrobe or dressing gown, and their length can vary from knee to ankle depending on style and culture. The term robe is used broadly; in some regions the same garment may be called a gown, while in others a bathrobe is a specific type worn after bathing.

Regional and cultural varieties include the kimono of Japan, a long robe with wide sleeves tied by an obi; the kaftan of parts of the Middle East, North Africa, and West Africa; and the djellaba or abaya in North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. In Western contexts, robes are often functional garments for home wear or spa use, and specialized robes appear in religious and ceremonial settings as well.

Materials range from cotton and terry cloth to silk, satin, and wool. Common features include a belt or sash, loose sleeves, and pockets; many robes have shawl collars or robe-length hems. Bathrobes emphasize absorbent fabrics, while luxury robes use smooth, draping textiles.

Historically, robes appear in many traditions. In antiquity, robes signified status and function. In medieval Europe, clerical and monastic garments resembled robes. The modern dressing gown emerged in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries as indoor leisure wear, while bathrobes became widespread in the 20th century. Academic regalia and religious vestments also take the form of ceremonial robes.

Care and maintenance depend on material: cotton and terry cloth are usually machine washable; silk and satin require gentler handling. Proper care preserves color, texture, and shape.