Ricaniidae

Ricaniidae is a family of planthoppers in the superfamily Fulgoroidea within the order Hemiptera. Members are sap-sucking insects that occur primarily in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Adults are typically small to medium-sized, with two pairs of wings that often display intricate venation and patterns; they commonly hold their wings roof-like over the body when at rest. Nymphs are often coated with waxy secretions and pass through several instars before becoming winged adults. Eggs are laid on host plants, and nymphs feed on the same or nearby tissues.

Ecology and behavior: Ricaniidae feed on a broad range of host plants, including trees, shrubs, and some herbaceous species. They are usually found on foliage, branches, or twigs where sap-feeding occurs. Feeding can cause reduced vigor or cosmetic damage, particularly on ornamental plants, and the honeydew they produce can foster sooty mold.

Economic importance: Some ricaniid species are regarded as pests in forestry or horticulture, especially where they occur in large numbers on preferred hosts. They can also contribute to the spread of plant pathogens, although they are not among the most prominent vectors compared with other planthopper groups.

Systematics: The type genus of the family is Ricania. Ricaniidae comprise multiple genera and numerous species; they are one of several planthopper families within Fulgoroidea.