Realtimetranskodointi

Realtimetranskodointi, also known as real-time transcoding, is the process of converting a digital media stream from one encoding format to another in real time, allowing a single source to be delivered to devices with different capabilities and network conditions. It is used to generate multiple output profiles such as different resolutions, bitrates, and codecs from a single input stream.

In operation, the workflow typically includes decoding the incoming stream, encoding it into one or more target formats, and packaging the results for transport protocols such as HLS or DASH. To meet low-latency requirements, pipelines are optimized for speed and may leverage hardware acceleration.

Common outputs include codecs such as H.264/AVC, H.265/HEVC, VP9, and AV1, in containers like MP4, TS, or MPEG-TS, delivered via adaptive streaming. Input streams may originate from live cameras, prerecorded content, or other encoders. Transcoding can be performed with software encoders (for example FFmpeg-based, x264/x265) or hardware encoders (NVIDIA NVENC, Intel Quick Sync, AMD VCE/AMF).

Applications include live events, video conferencing, and OTT services that need to support a broad range of devices and network conditions. Real-time transcoding enables adaptive bitrate streaming, reducing buffering by delivering an appropriate rendition based on current bandwidth.

Key considerations are latency, quality, and cost. Real-time transcoding adds processing delay and requires adequate CPU/GPU resources; licensing for certain codecs (notably HEVC) can affect total cost. System designs often use edge or cloud-based transcoders integrated with content delivery networks to optimize delivery and scalability.