Reaksiyalar

Reaksiyalar is the plural form of the noun meaning reaction in several languages, and it is used to refer to processes in which substances, systems, or organisms respond to stimuli or undergo transformation. The concept covers a wide range of phenomena, from chemical changes to behavioral or social responses.

In chemistry, a reaction is a process in which reactants are converted into products through changes in chemical bonds. Reaction rate depends on factors such as temperature, concentration, pressure (for gases), and the presence of catalysts. Reactions release or absorb energy, classifiable as exothermic or endothermic, and proceed toward equilibrium where forward and reverse processes occur at equal rates. Stoichiometry describes the quantitative relationships between reactants and products.

In biology and physiology, reactions include metabolic steps, enzymatic conversions, and cellular signaling, whereby molecules trigger cascades that regulate function. Many biological reactions are regulated by enzymes and feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis. In immunology, reactions describe how the body recognizes and responds to pathogens.

In social sciences and psychology, reactions describe how individuals or groups respond to events, stimuli, or policies. Such reactions can be behavioral, emotional, or cognitive and are studied with methods ranging from reaction time tests to surveys.

Documentation of reactions often uses chemical equations and rate laws in science, while in everyday language it refers to observable responses to events. Notable chemical reactions include combustion of methane, acid–base neutralization, and photosynthesis, among others.