Randomizes

Randomizes is the third-person singular present tense of the verb randomize. Randomize means to arrange, select, or assign elements in a random or unpredictable way, often with the aim of eliminating systematic bias.

In statistics and experimental design, randomization refers to the process of allocating units—such as participants, treatments, or items—to different groups by chance. This is used to mitigate confounding variables and order effects and to support the validity of conclusions drawn from the study. Common methods include simple randomization, block randomization (to maintain group sizes), stratified randomization (to balance characteristics), and adaptive randomization (adjusting assignments as data accrue).

In computing and data science, randomization can mean shuffling a dataset, drawing random samples, or selecting features. Algorithms often rely on pseudo-random number generators, though some applications seek true random numbers from specialized hardware sources for higher unpredictability.

In clinical research and trials, randomization is paired with allocation concealment to prevent selection bias. Practical considerations include ensuring fair procedures, maintaining blinding where possible, and handling dropouts in analysis.

Limitations of randomization include the possibility of imbalance in small samples, the risk of introducing bias if sequences are not properly concealed, and the fact that randomization does not remedy biases arising from data collection or measurement processes.

See also: randomization, randomized controlled trial, shuffle, sampling.