Rajputs

Rajputs are a plural, multi-clan social group in India. The name derives from rajaputra, “son of a king,” and the term has historically been linked with the Kshatriya or warrior varna, though modern classifications vary by region. Rajput communities are organized into numerous clans (gotras) and sub-clans and are concentrated in Rajasthan and the Malwa region, with populations in Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and in Nepal and Pakistan.

Historically, Rajputs emerged as a distinct martial group in medieval western and northern India, founding and defending regional kingdoms and forts. Major dynasties include the Pratiharas, Chauhans, Solankis, Rathores, and Sisodias. They played a central role in medieval politics, contesting with Delhi Sultanates and later engaging with the Mughal Empire; some rulers, like Rana Sanga, sought to unite northern kings, while others formed alliances with the Mughals.

In the colonial and modern eras, Rajput states were integrated into British India as princely states and later became part of the Republic of India.

Today, Rajput identity remains influential in Rajasthan and neighboring regions, shaping culture, politics, and social norms. Classifications vary by state; some Rajput groups are listed as General and others as OBC or equivalent categories. Cultural traditions emphasize chivalry, patronage of forts and temples, martial arts, and celebratory customs surrounding weddings and festivals.