Raforkudreifing

Raforkudreifing refers to the portion of the electrical power system that distributes electricity from the high‑voltage transmission network to end users, including homes, businesses, and public services. The distribution network operates at medium and low voltage and consists of substations, transformers, feeders, cables, and meters. The term also encompasses the organizational, regulatory, and operational practices needed to ensure safe, reliable, and affordable delivery of electricity.

Key actors are distribution system operators (DSOs), who own and operate most of the distribution grid; regulators who oversee tariffs, performance standards, and investments; and electricity suppliers and service providers who interact with customers. Operations cover routine maintenance, fault detection and restoration, voltage control, and load management. The integration of distributed energy resources (DER) such as rooftop solar, energy storage, and electric vehicles is a growing aspect of raforkudreifing, requiring advanced grid management, metering, and demand-response capabilities.

Tariffs for network access and energy consumption fund the operation and expansion of the network, with some systems implementing time-of-use or dynamic pricing. Planning processes consider growth in demand, electrification of transport and heating, and the need to replace aging infrastructure.

Challenges include aging assets, ensuring resilience against extreme weather, cybersecurity, and the need to modernize the grid through smart metering, data analytics, and grid automation. Policy goals typically emphasize reliability, safety, affordability, and decarbonization of the power system.