RBPMS

RBPMS stands for RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing. It is a small, conserved RNA-binding protein that contains an RNA recognition motif (RRM) and participates in post-transcriptional gene regulation. The RBPMS gene generates multiple isoforms through alternative splicing, leading to proteins that can differ in their C- or N-terminal regions and subcellular localization.

Function and mechanism

RBPMS binds RNA and is implicated in processes such as alternative splicing, mRNA stability, and possibly mRNA transport. It is thought to influence splice site selection and interact with other splicing factors and components of the spliceosome, thereby contributing to the regulation of gene expression at the RNA level. The exact RNA targets and mechanisms can vary between isoforms and cell types.

Expression and localization

RBPMS is detected across a range of tissues, with notable expression in the nervous system and smooth muscle. In the retina, RBPMS is specifically expressed in retinal ganglion cells and is commonly used as a histological marker for these neurons. The protein is generally localized to the nucleus, though certain isoforms or cellular contexts can allow cytoplasmic localization or shuttling.

Evolution and research use

RBPMS is conserved across vertebrates, with homologs identified in mammals, birds, and fish. In research settings, RBPMS serves as a molecular marker in neuroscience and ocular studies. Functional analyses, including overexpression and knockdown experiments, are used to explore its roles in splicing patterns, neuronal differentiation, and smooth muscle cell biology.