Quiscalus

Quiscalus is a genus of passerine birds in the family Icteridae, commonly known as grackles. The genus includes several species distributed from the southern United States through Central America and into South America, with island populations in the Caribbean. The best-known species are the common grackle (Quiscalus quiscula), the boat-tailed grackle (Quiscalus major), and the great-tailed grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus). Taxonomic treatment of other populations varies, with some authorities recognizing additional species such as Quiscalus lugubris or Quiscalus nicaraguensis, while others treat them as subspecies of Q. major or Q. mexicanus.

Grackles are medium-sized, primarily blackish birds with a metallic gloss that can appear purple or green in bright light. They have long tails and strong, pointed bills. Plumage is generally uniform across the species, though size and tail length differ, and some populations show slight regional variation in coloration or iris color.

These birds are omnivorous and adaptable, feeding on insects, grain, seeds, and small vertebrates. They are highly social, often foraging in flocks and roosting communally. Vocalizations are diverse and include harsh calls and mimicked sounds; many populations form persistent, noisy groups, especially in urban or agricultural environments.

Habitat use is broad, including woodlands, wetlands, fields, and urban areas. Nests are typically built high in trees or shrubs, and clutch size commonly ranges from three to six eggs. Quiscalus species are long-lived and known for their seasonal movements and interactions with human-modified landscapes.