Querlasten

Querlasten, in structural engineering, are forces that act perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a structural element such as a beam, column, or façade panel. They differ from Längslasten, which act along the length of the member, and they can produce bending moments, shear forces, and, if eccentric, torsional effects. The term encompasses lateral or transverse loads that a structure must resist.

Common sources of Querlasten include wind pressures on façades and roofs, horizontal components of seismic ground motion, hydrodynamic or tidal forces on marine structures, and accidental loads such as vehicle impacts or braking forces on bridges. In framed buildings, lateral loads are transmitted through frames, shear walls, or bracing systems and cause sway and deformation that must be controlled to ensure safety and serviceability.

Design and analysis of Querlasten focus on providing sufficient lateral stiffness and strength. Engineers use load combinations that include lateral loads, assess the structure’s ability to resist bending, shear, and possible torsion, and ensure acceptable drift and vibration levels. Methods range from simplified static approaches to dynamic analyses, including pushover procedures and time-history simulations, especially for earthquake-resistant design. Considerations also include durability of connections, redistribution of internal forces after yielding, and the impact of lateral loads on occupants and equipment.

Examples of structures designed with Querlasten in mind include high-rise buildings, long-span bridges, and offshore platforms, all of which require adequate lateral resistance to maintain stability under environmental and seismic actions.

See also Längslasten, Querkraft, Biegung, Schub, Standsicherheit.