Päikeselõkete
Päikeselõkete, also known as sunspots, are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the Sun that appear as darker spots than the surrounding areas. They are regions of reduced surface temperature caused by concentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibit convection.
The existence of sunspots was first observed centuries ago, but their systematic study began with the invention
Sunspots are not static; they can appear, grow, shrink, and disappear over periods ranging from days to
The darker appearance of sunspots is due to their lower temperature compared to the surrounding photosphere.
Sunspots are also associated with increased solar activity, such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections.