Päikesekütteahelad

Päikesekütteahelad, also known as solar thermal systems, are designed to capture solar energy and convert it into usable heat for various applications, primarily water heating and space heating. These systems typically consist of several key components. The most visible part is the solar collector, which is usually mounted on a roof or in an open area exposed to sunlight. Collectors are designed to absorb solar radiation and transfer that heat to a working fluid, most commonly a mixture of water and antifreeze or just water.

The heated working fluid then circulates through a network of pipes to a storage tank. This tank, often well-insulated, stores the hot water or heat until it is needed. A heat exchanger within the tank transfers the heat from the working fluid to the water intended for domestic use or the heating system. Pumps are essential for circulating the working fluid between the collectors and the storage tank, driven by electricity, often supplied by a separate solar photovoltaic system or the grid.

Control systems monitor the temperature difference between the collectors and the storage tank. When the collectors are hotter than the fluid in the tank, the control system activates the pump to begin circulation, maximizing heat absorption. If the storage tank is already hot enough or the collectors are cooler than the tank, the pump is deactivated to prevent heat loss. Päikesekütteahelad can supplement or entirely replace conventional heating systems, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering energy costs. Their effectiveness depends on factors like geographic location, solar irradiance, system design, and proper installation.