Puerta

Puerta is the Spanish word for a door, a movable barrier that provides passage between spaces while offering privacy, security, and control over access. In architecture and everyday use, a puerta can be exterior or interior and may be part of a building’s structural system or a standalone element.

Doors vary by mechanism and design. Hinged doors swing on one or more hinges and are the most common type for interior and exterior applications. Sliding doors move along a track and can save space, while pocket doors slide into a recess within the wall. Revolving doors rotate around a central axis to minimize air exchange and maintain climate control. Other variants include French doors, Dutch doors that divide horizontally, and security or fire-rated doors designed to meet safety requirements.

Construction and components. A door typically consists of a door leaf attached to a frame or jamb, with hinges, a latch or lock, a handle or knob, and a strike plate on the frame. Weatherstripping and thresholds help seal gaps and improve energy efficiency. Doors are made from materials such as solid or engineered wood, steel, aluminum, fiberglass, or composite panels, often finished with coatings, veneers, or glass inserts. Fire resistance, acoustic insulation, and security ratings influence material choice and hardware.

Functions and cultural context. Beyond basic access control, puertas reflect regional architectural styles and social practices. In many Iberian and Latin American traditions, doors may feature ornamental ironwork, carved panels, or colorful finishes. Modern doors increasingly incorporate automation and smart-lock technology for convenience and security. See also door, door frame, and door hardware for related concepts.