Pseudovidenskab

Pseudovidenskab, or pseudoscience, refers to a collection of beliefs or practices that are presented as scientific but do not adhere to the scientific method. Pseudoscientific claims are typically characterized by a lack of empirical evidence, a resistance to falsification, and reliance on anecdotal accounts rather than controlled studies.

Key features of pseudoscientific claims often include vague or untestable assertions, the selective use of evidence while ignoring contradictory data, and the promotion of personal testimonials over rigorous scientific investigation. Unlike genuine scientific theories that are subject to peer review, replication, and revision based on new evidence, pseudoscientific ideas tend to remain static or evolve without clear justification.

Examples of pseudoscientific fields include astrology, which claims to interpret celestial bodies' influence on human affairs, and phrenology, an outdated practice that linked personality traits to skull shape. Homeopathy, a system of alternative medicine, is also frequently cited as an example of pseudoscientific practice due to its lack of scientific plausibility and evidence.

Distinguishing between science and pseudoscience is crucial for critical thinking and informed decision-making. The scientific method, with its emphasis on testability, falsifiability, and evidence-based reasoning, serves as a vital tool for discerning reliable knowledge from unsubstantiated claims.