Prüfprinzip

Prüfprinzip is a German term used in testing and inspection to denote the fundamental method or principle by which a property, function, or performance of a product, component, or system is verified. It describes the underlying approach used to obtain evidence for conformity with specified requirements, for example by functional demonstration, measurement of physical quantities, or observation of behavior under defined conditions.

Prüfprinzip is distinct from the specific test procedure (Prüfverfahren) and from the equipment or fixtures used (Prüfmittel). Rather, it characterizes the general idea behind the test and informs how results are interpreted. Common categories of Prüfprinzip include functional testing, where the item is operated under defined conditions to show it meets requirements; and measurement-based verification, where a measurable quantity is determined and compared to acceptance criteria.

In standards and quality management, the concept helps ensure consistency, traceability, and comparability of tests across items and time. By defining the Prüfprinzip, engineers and inspectors select appropriate Prüfverfahren, test equipment, and evaluation rules that align with the intended evidence of conformity. Complex assessments may combine several Prüfprinzipien to cover aspects such as safety, reliability, or endurance.

Usage of the term is most common in German-speaking technical contexts, and in English-language documents it is usually translated as 'test principle' or 'principle of testing'.