demonstration

A demonstration is the act of showing or proving something. The word is used for two related, but distinct, ideas: a public gathering organized to express a political or social viewpoint, and an act of illustrating a concept, procedure, or product by performing or displaying it. The term comes from Latin demonstratio, from demonstare, meaning to point out or show.

In mathematics, a demonstration is a rigorous argument that establishes the truth of a proposition. In science and education, demonstrations are practical presentations—experiments, demonstrations of equipment, or live experiments—to illustrate concepts. In business or sales, product demonstrations are controlled presentations that highlight features and usage to potential customers.

When referring to public demonstrations, the term denotes a gathering of people to express opinions, advocate policy changes, or protest. These demonstrations may include marches, rallies, or sit-ins and are protected by laws in many countries, though organizers may need permits and must coordinate for safety and traffic. The impact of demonstrations depends on organization, messaging, and context.

Throughout history, demonstrations have played a role in social and political change. Peaceful demonstrations can attract attention and legitimacy, while confrontations can provoke counter-reaction. The outcome depends on public reception, media coverage, and authorities' response.