Protubaceae

Protubaceae is a small family of fungi that belong to the order Pezizales. This family is characterized by its subterranean or partially buried fruiting bodies, which are typically globose to irregularly shaped. The asci, which are the spore-producing cells, are typically clavate and contain eight ascospores. The ascospores are usually globose to ellipsoid and hyaline. Protubaceae are saprobic, obtaining nutrients from decaying organic matter in the soil.

The taxonomy of Protubaceae has been subject to revision over time, with some species previously assigned to this family now placed in other genera or families. Current classification recognizes a limited number of genera within Protubaceae. These fungi are often found in woodland or forest habitats, where they play a role in the decomposition of leaf litter and other plant material. Their subterranean nature can make them difficult to locate, and they are not commonly encountered by amateur mycologists. Research into the genetic relationships and ecological roles of Protubaceae is ongoing, contributing to a better understanding of fungal diversity and evolution.